Yoga is a mind and body technique practiced by people all over the world. The origin of the word means "to yoke" together the physical body and the spirit. Origins of this practice date back to before written history. Though the technique has physical benefits, its true goal is to find divinity within and develop a sense of self-awareness.
Origins of the Practice of Yoga
Classical techniques are believed to have originated more than 5,000 years ago. Indus Valley stone carvings dating to this time depict figures in positions associated with this practice. While many people believe the practice has roots in the Hindu religion, others believe that Hinduism came later. The desire for a long, healthy life, a heightened sense of self-understanding, and increased personal freedom led to the development of this mental and physical exercise.
Breathing, meditation, and exercise form the foundation of this practice. Exercises place pressure on glandular systems, increasing the efficiency and overall health of the body. The tradition is passed on from a teacher to a student through oral instruction and physical demonstration. Techniques commonly practiced today are base on collective experiences that developed over thousands of years.
Beliefs and Benefits of Yoga
Practitioners view the body as a primary instrument enabling humans to evolve and work. Students, therefore, treat their bodies with respect and care for them properly. Breath is considered the source of life within the body and students use breathing techniques to improve the functioning and health of the mind and body. Exercises and breathing ready the body and mind for the practice of meditation, which quiets the mind to help it heal from stressors placed upon it.
With regular practice, a strong body and clear, alert mind are believed to result. Today, more than one hundred schools of practice exist. Hatha, which involves postures, breathing techniques, and physical movements, is the most commonly known. Jhana is considered the most difficult because it is reportedly the path of wisdom. Several schools focus on a personal concept of God, remaining true to the religious origins of this practice.
The scholar Patanjali compiled one of the earliest texts regarding yoga theories and practices. The system he explained was called Ashantaga, which is still practiced in some form today. Since the arrival of this practice in the late 1800s, people in the United States have been experiencing its many benefits. Physicians sometimes recommend this system to patients with back pain, depression, arthritis, or high risk of heart disease.
